Sri Aurobindo

Aurobindo Ghose was born in a Kayastha family in Calcutta, India. His father, Dr. Krishna Dhan Ghose was surgeon Rangapur District, Bengal. His mother, Swarnalata Devi is the daughter of religious and social reformer Brahmo Rajnarayan Basu.Aravinda means "lotus" in Sanskrit. Aurobindo wrote his name while Aravinda in England, or as to any Aravind Arvind Baroda, Aurobindo, and how, when he moved to Bengal. The name is pronounced Ghose, and usually in English, which appears as "Ghosh", and Aurobindo often called "Arabindo Ghosh" academic sources in English. Dr. Ghose has chosen the name in honor of his friend Annette Akroyd Akroyd.
Aurobindo spent his first five years written Rangapur, where his father had since October 1871. Dr Ghose, who has lived in Britain and studied medicine at Kings College, Aberdeen, found that her children an English education and free education of Indian influences. In 1877, he has therefore sent the young Aurobindo and two older brothers - Manmohan Ghose and Ghose Benoybhusan - the Loreto convent school in Darjeeling


England
Aurobindo spent two years in the convent of Loreto. In 1879 were Aurobindo and his two older brothers over in Manchester, England, to a European. The brothers were placed in the care of Rev. and Mrs. Drewett. Rev. Drewett was an Anglican pastor, Dr. Ghose by his British friends knew Rangapur. The Drewett advised the brothers Ghose private. The Drewett had been asked to ensure that tuition completely secular India and not mentioned or to its culture.


In 1884, Aurobindo joined St Pauls School. He learned Greek and Latin, spending three years reading literature, especially poetry in English. Dr KD Ghose had wanted his son of the prestigious Indian Civil Service should happen, but in 1889 it appears that the three brothers, one young Aurobindo, had the chance to meet the ambitions of his father, his brothers, who have already chosen their career the future. ICS officer, students were required to pass the rigorous selection process, as well as studies in an English university for two years of probation. With limited financial resources, was the only way to secure Aurobindo had a purse in a British university, he has a scholarship from Kings College, University of Cambridge. He was first in the survey. He also passed the written examination of the ICS, after a few months, where he finished 11th of 250 competitors. He spent the next two years at Kings College.
At the end of two years probation, Aurobindo believe that he has not got used to the British, it does not have to participate in the equestrian event for the presence of the ICS and was disqualified for the service. At that time, the Maharaja of Baroda, Sayajirao Gaekwad III of England travel. James Cotton, brother of Sir Henry Cotton, for a time Lieutenant Governor of Bengal and the secretary of the South Kensington Liberal Club, the Aurobindo knew his father and secured for him a service in the State of Baroda and arranged a meeting between him and Prince. He left England for India, where he arrived in February 1893rd In India, Aurobindo's father, who waits for his son was his agent in Bombay (now Mumbai) misinformed the vessel covered Aurobindo sank off the coast of Portugal. Dr. Ghose was fragile at this time because of ill health could not withstand the shock and dies.


In Baroda, Aurobindo joined the civil service, working first in the department of investigation and settlement, later he moved to the Department of Revenue and then the Secretariat in writing speeches for the Gaekwad. In Baroda, Aurobindo engaged in a deep study of Indian culture, teaching himself Sanskrit, Hindi and Bengali, which had deprived him of his education in England. Due to the lack of punctuality at work, which was out of his employment with these other activities, Baroda Aurobindo college as a French teacher, he was transferred popular because of his unorthodox style of teaching. Later he was appointed vice-principal. He published the first of his volumes of poetry, from Baroda.He Rishi also actively interested in politics of the freedom struggle of India against British rule, working behind the scenes, as its position in the State of Baroda refuse, for obvious political activity. He has been associated with resistance groups in Bengal and Madhya Pradesh, during the tour of these countries. He put in contact with Lokmanya Tilak and Sister Nivedita. He also arranged for military training Jatindra Nath Banerjee (Niralamba Swami) in the Baroda army and was sent to opposition groups to organize in Bengal. It was KG Deshpande invited whoever was responsible for Induprakash weekly and a friend of his time in Cambridge to write about the political situation. Aurobindo to write a series of articles entitled passionate new lamps for old started pouring vitriol on the Congress for its moderate policy. He wrote:
"Our real enemy is not a force outside of us, but our own crying weaknesses, our cowardice, our selfishness, our hypocrisy, our stupid sentimentality"
further and adds:
"I told the Congress, and then - that the goals are wrong, that the spirit in which it continues towards its fulfillment, not a spirit of sincerity and carefree together, and that the methods chosen are not the right methods, and leaders in whom he trusts, not the right kind of men who are leaders, -. In short, we present the blind led, if not by the blind, at least since the one-eyed "
Congress, the practice of self-criticism mild to moderate, responded in a way to write the editor of the Aurobindo on cultural issues rather than policy called fear. Aurobindo lost interest in this series the writings and activities discontinued.Aurobindo's in Baroda was also a therapy with yoga exercises and meditation, but they have been compared to his work would later in his life. Until 1904, he was there to yoga exercises 5-6 hours a day.


Calcutta
Aurobindo used to take many trips in Bengal, set up originally in the application for restoration of ties with parents, families and other Bengali parents, including his cousin, and my brother Barin Sarojini, and later more and more on resistance groups in Bengal. But it has officially moved to Calcutta (now Kolkata) in 1906 just after the announcement of the partition of Bengal. During his visit to Calcutta in 1901, he married Mrinalini, daughter of Bhupal Chandra Bose, a senior official in the public service. Aurobindo Ghose was then 28, and married Mrinalini, 14 Girls marry at a young age is very common in the 19th Century Bengali families.


Sri Aurobindo chaired a meeting of the National Congress in Surat, 1907
In Bengal, using Barin is it made contact with the revolutionaries, radicals such as Bagha Jatin inspiring, Jatin Banerjee, Surendranath Tagore. He helped found a number of youth clubs in order to communicate a spiritual and military training of the youth of Bengal. He helped found the Anushilan Samiti of Calcutta in 1902. If the partition of Bengal was announced, there was a public outpouring against British rule in India. Aurobindo attended the meeting of the Benares Congress in December 1905 as an observer and witness to the intensity of the feelings of the people decided to jump into the thick of politics. He joined the National Council for Education and Subodh Chandra Mullick met, which quickly became a supporter of views Aurobindo. Mullick donated a large sum in a national college found and determined that Aurobindo was his first to be principal. Aurobindo began writing Bande Mataram, thus increasing its popularity as the main spokesman for the hardline group. His arrest and acquittal for printing seditious material in Bande Mataram has consolidated its position as a leader of aggressive nationalists. His call for full political independence was considered extremely radical at the time and the friction often caused by Congress. In 1907, in Surat session of Congress, where the moderates and the extremists had a big showdown, he led the hardliners with Bal Gangadhar Tilak. Congress has made divided by the Aurobindo session.In 1907-1908 to strengthen Pune, Bombay Baroda and support for the national cause, speeches and meetings of various groups. He was arrested again in May 1908 in conjunction with Alipore bomb case. It was isolated in the subsequent trial acquitted and released after one year in prison. Once out of prison, he started two new publications in English and Bengali Karmayogin Dharma. He provided the s Uttarpara speech: Uttarpara speech referring to the transformation of its focus on spiritual things. British continued the pursuit, because his writings and in his new magazine in April 1910 signaling Aurobindo retired policy, went to Pondicherry.